In aerospace and industrial environments, no single role fully "owns" the ISMS. Executive leadership must be accountable, but day-to-day ownership typically sits with a designated ISMS lead or CISO, supported by cross-functional stakeholders from operations, engineering, quality, and IT/OT. Clear RACI, traceability, and governance are essential, especially in brownfield plants with mixed systems and long equipment lifecycles.

For information security management systems, the core ISO standard is ISO/IEC 27001. In industrial and regulated environments, it is usually applied alongside controls from ISO/IEC 27002 and often integrated with other management system standards like ISO 9001. None of these guarantee compliance or audit outcomes; effectiveness depends on implementation, integration, and validation.